Life insurance, transmission of a capital instrument

There are two types of life insurance products

Contracts of insurance in the event of life which provides for the payment of a capital or an annuity to a given date (or end of the contract) if the Subscriber's contract is alive. These contracts more often incorporate an insurance in the event of death of the Subscriber before the scheduled date. Capitalized savings will be then paid to a beneficiary previously designated; Death insurance contracts include a capital or an annuity in the event of death of the Subscriber and for the benefit of one or more recipient designated.

It is strongly recommended to provide beneficiaries alternates. Suppose that your children, your life insurance contract beneficiaries die before you. The formula "my living children or represented" will allow payment of savings your grandchildren on your death.

These contracts have two important advantages

The recipient (s) can be freely designated by the Subscriber. They therefore allow you to significantly improve the situation of your family, including your partner or partner of Packs that have no interest in your estate.

They do not enter the estate of the deceased person. It is therefore not in the calculation of the available quota and reserve mass. Nor are they subject to succession duties.

A double limit exists at this point. The first is the "portion" that prevents any person from completely disinherit his children. It is advisable to limit the amount of savings invested in life insurance to the available quota.

The second is related to "clearly exaggerated bonuses", which means that life should not represent too much of the estate assets.

The other determinant of life lies in its tax treatment. Indeed, if you fed them before your 70s, your life insurance contracts can be transmitted to desired persons, without any taxation, amounting to 152 500 euros per person. Beyond this amount, the taxation will be limited to 20%, regardless of the amount and the relationship with the insured, i.e. a rate well below the rights of succession. By adding this limit that of 156 357 euros, own the rights of succession, you can pass on to your children 308 857 euros tax-free. These advantageous tax rules are valid for the sums invested before the age of 70. For the premiums paid after age 70 benefits are more limited. The deduction is reduced to 30 500 euros for investments after this age.

Moreover, beyond this ceiling this are estate rights that apply and not the 20% reduction. On the other hand gains capitalized on the contract are transmitted free of inheritance. Only the sums subject to taxation if the ceiling is exceeded.

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You are looking for a first job or are employed: universal health coverage insurance

Looking for a first job or employee, discover ways to benefit from social security.

Your job seeker status issued, allows you to be affiliated to the social security of the general scheme. Once you have exhausted your rights, you will need to apply for (CMU) universal health coverage.

Si you work regularly throughout the academic year (from 1 October to 30 September of the following year), you depend on only the general scheme of employees. Check with your student or your health insurance mutual.

Your employer may impose you a compulsory mutual. This means signed with a mutual agency agreement that allows all declared workers benefit from supplementary coverage, often in more favorable terms. Otherwise, your employer will be able to advise you on the mutual that subscribe. Be aware that you can do to benefit your beneficiaries of the mutual benefits, but sometimes by paying an additional assessment.

(CMU) universal health coverage

The CMU is health coverage mandatory for persons who do not benefit from another social security scheme. It relates only to persons residing on a regular basis in the national territory and is entitled to the usual reimbursement (insurance sickness, maternity...) at the same rate as other insured persons.

There is also a complementary CMU. It is free and assigned by your health insurance fund for one year renewable after review of your resources.

It allows you to:

·    Pay your health care without advancing money,

·    Be hospitalized without costs and limitation of duration,

· Benefit from additional repayments (dental, optical, physiotherapy, special examinations,...)

If you are 16 years old and break with your family, you can ask the complementary CMU.

In all cases, find out from your health insurance.

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Complementary health insurance

Complementary health, or "mutual" is a contract that allows an insured to recover part or all of its health costs not supported by compulsory health insurance (social security) in consideration of the payment of an assessment.

How does the complementary health

Health expenditures are not reimbursed by social security. The supplementary acts beyond mandatory health insurance reimbursements. Thus, the supplementary occurs for the reimbursement of medical consultations, medicines, hospital stays, the optical...

In practice

Mandatory health insurance fixed for each act or produced a basis that corresponds to the reference fare. It then applies a rate of reimbursement to this basis that determines the amount of the rebate. Apart from cases where the reimbursement rate is 100%, reimbursement of social security is no less than the basis of repayment: the difference between the base price and the reimbursed amount is the "co-payment". It is this sum that complementary health refund fully or partly the difference.

Mandatory health insurance deducted in some cases a franchise or a lump sum contribution of the refund. This amount is rarely supported by complementary. On the other hand, recent support sometimes, to some extent, potential overruns that are billed to the patient. Examples: overflow of fees of a specialist, eyeglasses or dentures.

How to subscribe... or terminate its complementary health

From whom subscribe

For employees, there is often a range of complementary health proposed or imposed by the company. In this case, a portion of the cost is supported by the company, the rest being paid by the employee. This coverage includes usually all members of the family.

It is also possible to subscribe to complementary health contracts individually with the mutuals, institutions of foresight, corporations, or mutual insurance companies. Do not hesitate to compare benefits and prices. Comparators sites are available on the internet.

Understand my contract

Additional health guarantees are generally expressed as a percentage of the basis for reimbursement, sometimes in euros.

• Percentage: a guarantee of 150% of the basis of reimbursement (included compulsory health insurance) means the total refund (security social + supplementary) will be 50% more than the basis of redemption by the social security.

• Euro: a guarantee in the amount of 250 EUR means that repayment of the complementary health will be the more than 250 euros, in addition to the sum reimbursed by compulsory health insurance. It is often the case for reimbursement of optics for example.

Guarantees can be capped to the amount limited by number or time.

Warranty and service

Complementary health generally support the refund:

• consultations and medicines;
• Hospital (living expenses, special room, surgery fees);
• Optics (glasses and lenses);
• Dental (dental and orthodontic prostheses);
• The acts and medical care not covered by compulsory health insurance such as vaccines, osteopathy, the operation of myopia...

They may in addition proposed additional services such as:

• The third charge, that avoids making the advance of certain costs (pharmacy);
• Aaccess to networks of healthcare professionals providing care at negotiated rates;
• Services of assistance and home help in the event of hospitalization or immobilization (housekeeper, childcare)...

The price of complementary health

Complementary health prices vary according to several criteria related to the Subscriber and the contract. The criteria include age, status of employee or not, the revenue of the Subscriber and the type of guarantees and you want refunds. In General, plus the contribution is high and most warranties are extended.

Time waiting or deficiency

Some complementary will not cover expenditures from the subscription or membership. They apply a waiting period during which the Member pays his dues without the benefit of the repayment of certain benefits (programmed in advance hospitalization or optical expenses).

Duration and termination of the complementary health

The renewal of the contract is done usually every year by tacit agreement. The Organization to which you have subscribed annually sends a notice of expiry indicating the amount of the contribution for the coming year and the deadline to which it is possible to terminate. It is always possible to terminate his contract subject to respecting the period of notice provided.

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Health insurance: what's left in your care?

The flat-rate participation of 1 euro

For insured persons over 18 years, insurance demand a lump participation of 1 euro for all consultations or acts performed by a physician or for your analyses and x-rays.
This participation is applied during the course of care but also out of it. However, if you see a dentist, a physiotherapist, a liberal nurse, or have to undergo surgery at the hospital, you do not pay this package.

Lump participation is automatically deducted from the amount of your payments.

The total amount of the lump sum contribution is capped at 50 EUR per year and per person.

The medical franchise

It is an amount that is deducted from reimbursement by your insurance on purchased drugs, paramedical acts (kine, nurse...) and medical transport (ambulance). The medical exemption concerns all insured persons (minors, adults, beneficiaries of the CMU)
The amount of the deductible differs depending on the type of acts:

• 50 euro cents per box of medicine,
• 50 cents per paramedic Act,
• 2 euros for the medical transport. The amount of the exemption is capped at 50 euros per year and for all of the acts.

Hospital package

You are hospitalized for a stay of more than 24 hours, you must then pay the hospital package. It corresponds to the participation of each patient to hosting fees. Its amount is unique and payable as soon as the first night. :

• 18 euros per day in hospital or clinic,
• 13.50 euros per day in psychiatry. Some people may be exempt. Check with your health insurance or your care facility Fund.

Package 18 euros

It is a financial participation of 18 euros for the acts for which the rate is equal to or greater than 120 euros, or having a coefficient of 60 (depending on the nomenclature of health insurance). The rules of this package is carried out directly from the practitioner or the accessed health care facility. This flat-rate participation of 18 euros can be supported by your mutual, according to contracts. Certain benefits are exempt (radiological acts specific, shipping of emergency...)

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You are a student: affiliation to social security

If you are a student here is a panorama of the different modalities of social security affiliation.

Up to your 20 years:

You are attached to the scheme of social security for your parents. You are then entitled to refunds in case of sickness or maternity. If your curriculum is delayed for medical reasons, you can benefit from the scheme of your parents until your 21st birthday.

Your medical expenses reimbursed so either on the bank account or post your parents either on your own account provided they have made from your sickness insurance fund.

From 16 years, you have a vital card whose social security number matches that of your parents. In class Terminal, you will get your own social security number. It will let you track your payments throughout your professional life.

You have 20 years during the academic year, you are necessarily affiliated with the student regime. In this case, you must subscribe to one of the two major unions mutual, a contract. If you are stock, registration is then free on presentation of your notification of scholarship.

You do graduate and you have less than 28 years old:

You benefit from the student social security scheme. Depending on your - situation (age, employment...), the terms of support may change.

As soon as your registration (University, colleges, IUT, BTS, preparatory classes for the high school), you must sign a contract with a student mutual. You do right to health coverage and coverage maternity during the duration of your studies as appropriate. You get also a work accident and occupational diseases insurance.

The student mutual manage the "mandatory" part of the social security system but also the "complementary" part of your welfare as a classical mutual. This additional coverage is optional. It allows you to obtain refunds higher than the rates of social security.

Your membership of the student applies each year from 1 October to 30 September of the following year. It is mandatory and pay unless you stock. In all cases, your spouse, child, partner, partner of a PACS can benefit from refunds in the same way as you but on condition that he or she is not student. We then say that they are the copyright holders.

What is an entitlement? This is a person who enjoys under certain conditions of social insurance through another person (partner, joint separated but not divorced, child, dependent living with the insured for more than 1 year).

If you are a student abroad:

• national of a country of the European Union and have sickness insurance: you are exempt from membership of the student,
• Third-country national: you must register to the student social security.

You have over 28 years

If you are 28 years old during the academic year, you can receive one year of your rights to health insurance under the student scheme. After that, you must contact your health insurance fund.

If you are preparing a PhD, you can get a supplementary report for a term of four years, until your 32 years.

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Health insurance will reimburse you... Yes, but not everything!

When you are insured, you get the reimbursement of your medical expenses. This rebate is done in the context of the coordinated care course. This regulatory framework requires you to choose a physician who will be your contact person for most conventional medical procedures. If you want to see a specialist, you must first consult your doctor - except for gynecologists, ophthalmologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, radiologists, dentists, which are open access.

In this case, you will be refunded normally, according to the usual fees in force, i.e. 70% of the basic rate, less 1 euro in respect of the flat-rate participation. The supplementary part is possibly supported by your mutual.

If you are out of the way of (not) coordinated care, you will be refunded 50% of the basic rate, less 1 euro flat-rate participation.

Health expenditures for the purchase of medicines are reimbursed in whole or in part of their cost. Each type of medicine is a different refund rate:

·       the crossed white vignette: expensive drugs. They are reimbursed at 100%,

·       the white sticker: common medications. The reimbursement is made to 65%

·       the blue sticker: homeopathy, drugs says 'comfort '. Health insurance shall reimburse them to 30%,

·       the orange sticker: drugs called "low medical service. The rate of reimbursement by the health insurance is 15%.

For all your medical expenses, use your vital card. It allows you to do not advance the part supported by insurance. It is convenient and economical and is a good way to manage its health budget!

For your medication, remember to ask "generics" to your doctor or your pharmacist. These drugs have the same effectiveness as those of the major brands and are cheaper!

It is important to remember that each insured has the right to benefit of a free health check every five years in one of the medical centers of the health insurance. 

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Accidents at work, occupational diseases and long illness: who pays and how?

As an employee, you may have to suffer an accident in your workplace, you are making or leaving it, or even to contract an occupational disease; your health is so altered. You then have a social and financial coverage special. This compensation is determined by your situation. In all cases, please notify within 24 hours your employer and make a statement with your health insurance fund within 48 hours following.

During an accident at work or ride (that occurred by the fact or on the occasion of the work), you are compensated by social security and employer according to specific terms and the physical consequences that this can have:

daily allowances in the event of stoppage of work and payment of a supplement by your employer,

100% of the costs of medical, hospital and pharmaceutical care

payment of a pension or allowance capital total or partial permanent incapacity,

or the payment of an annuity holders rights died.

Occupational diseases

In the case of occupational disease, you perceive on the part of insurance and your employer:

a daily allowance in the event of stoppage of work and payment of a supplement by your employer,

an annuity or allowance capital total or partial permanent incapacity.

If the death is found, your loved ones will be paid a pension.

Accidents at work and occupational diseases branch compensates that the injury and the loss of earnings caused by the accident or the disease.

Long illness

All employees are not equal faced with the loss of income due to a long illness. Depending on your personal and professional situation, the modalities of support and financial compensation are different. Some plans are more protective than others. Small overview of what is practiced.

The general regime of the social security

For employees subject to the general regime of the social security, granted financial compensation applies for 3 years. Conditions for benefit are strict:

having worked at least 200 hours during the previous quarter for the sick for 6 months

and 800 hours the previous year for the sick more for 6 months.

The employee then receives daily allowances (IJ) equal to half the average wage calculated on the 3 months preceding the judgment.

Beyond 3 years, an employee survey until his retirement from the disability if pension plan its working capacity is reduced 2/3. The amount of the allowance is 30% of the average annual wage of the ten best years partial incapacity and 50% in the event of total incapacity.

This is sometimes added an add-in on the part of the company to 90 to 100% of the gross salary of reference including daily allowances. This compensation is carried out in the context of the pension scheme of the undertaking.

The quality of this compensation varies depending on welfare selected plans. Responsibility of the collective agreement. It is important properly to investigate the pension scheme which you raise because the amount of the additional allowance will be impacted.

The scheme for civil servants

In case of long illness, officials (all categories and jurisdictions of origin) are compensated for 3 years 100% treatment of base - excluding bonuses - for a year, then 50% the next two years. For some diseases (cancer, tuberculosis, mental illness...), is extended to 5 years 100% for 3 years and then 50% for the last two years.

Exceeded this time and in the event of incapacity for work, officials are put in retirement (with a minimum of 50% of the salary excluding premiums), provided you have 15 years of effective service. Otherwise, it is the general scheme which pays the invalidity pension.

The scheme of the self-employed and the liberal professions

Craftsmen and tradesmen contribute collectively to a life insurance scheme. They are generally less well covered than the employees of the general scheme. However, they benefit from the compulsory scheme of health insurance for the self-employed. Paid daily allowances are identical to the scheme provided they have contributed at least a full year.
After 3 years, craftsmen and tradesmen are not on an equal footing. For craftsmen, if incapacity for work, an invalidity pension is paid equal to 50% of the revenue the first three years, then 30% from the fourth year.
For merchants, only the total and definitive disability causes paid a pension of 50% and 30% for partial disability.

And personal protection?

The collective foresight (within the company or administration) is long sickness or invalidity recognized, unavoidable financial protection. If your employer has not implemented this type of insurance, you can sign a contract with a professional individual.

Most of the contracts guarantee the payment of daily allowances and disability. The average cost of a provident contract varies depending on the amount and the duration of the compensation paid.

Be aware that the vast majority of the contracts proposed by mutual and insurers include the pane "disability" as an additional guarantee of a capital contract death, others limit the duration of payment of daily allowances.

In all cases, it is important to carefully investigate offerings you proposed because the amounts that you receive will have an impact on the level and the quality of your life.

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